Cartridge.



, Patented Apr. 29, |902.

C. A. BAILEY.

No. 699mm;

C A BT R l D G E.

(Application led Feb. 1, 1902?.)

(flo Model.)

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.c. mr mmms PETERS ou. vnofau'mo.. WASHINGTON, n

UNITED STATES i PATENT Orrrcn.

CHARLES A. BAILEY, or CRoMwELL, CONNECTICUT.

CARTR-l DG E.V

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 699,061, dated April29, 1902.

` applicativa and rebrwya, 1902.- `sinn No. 92,213. (Noma-.1J

To all whom/t indy concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. BAILEY, a-

citizen of the United States, and a resident ofv Cromwell, in the`countyof 'Middlesex and' State of Connecticut, have invented certainnew and useful Improvementsin Cartridges, of which 'the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to cartridges; and my object isto provide a`si1nple,.cheap, and ef,- fective gas-tight central-lire cartridgeinwhich the cap orhead may be made of thin inetal p `and properlyreinforced to receive theimpact of the explosion of the cartridge and inwhich thelocation of the fulminate of the priming` device andtheparticular construction of said priming device, in connection Withthat of the cartridge proper, is suchas to insure a positive explosionof the -fuln1inate, and conse-L quently the ignition of the powdercharge.

With the above objects in view the invention consists of a cartridgecomprising a flanged cap or head, a'` cross-piece located therein, thesaid cross-piece havin ga nipple projecting frointhe center thereof, anda primer located within the nipple, combined with a tube and wad, thelatter being cornpressed within the "tube and cap against thecross-piece and nipple thereof.

The invention further consists in the par-. ticular constructionand-combination of the parts constituting my improved cartridge, all ashereinafter fully described, and more spefically set forth inthefappende'd claims.

In the accompanyingdrawings, which illustrate my invention, Figure l isalongitudinal sectional View through the cartridge. Fig. 2 is a sideelevation enlarged, showing the breech-piece or cross-piece of thecartridge. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the cross-piece. Fig. 4 is alongitudinal sectional View illustrating the application of lche primingmaterial. Fig. 5 isa detail sectionalviewshowing a modification of thenipple.

Referring to said drawings, the letterA designates the cap of thecartridge, the said cap being made of th-in malleable metal and providedwith the usualflangem and in carrying out my invention the end wall ofthis cap is entirely solid in order to providea gas-tight cartridge,the'primer being located within` said end Wall and exploded by indentingthe latter, as hereinafter described. p

B designates a metal cross-piece, preferably steel,which is locatedwithin the cap,with

its ends Vextending into the annular flange a,

and the said cross-piece is comparatively` thick, so that it will serveto reinforce the end wall of the cap A. The central portion of thiscross-piece is stamped or otherwise formed to provide a tapered nippleb, and the outer end of the latter is provided vwith one or moreflash-holes b' to establish communication with the powder-chamber of thecartrid ge.

C designatesfa Wad, composed of paper, Wood, or other suitable material,which is not only employed to reinforce the breech of the cartridge, butalso servesto hold in place the tube D. i

As shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the end of thevnipple b is shaped toreceive the fulminate in tablet or wafer for1n, and for this purpose thesaid end is punched inward to provide a conical portion b2, forming ananvil upon the apex of which the fulminate is eX- ploded by the impactof the firing-pin. The flash-holes are located at the base of theconical portion b2. Though I have shown the primer composed of a tabletof fulminate placed directly .within the nipple vupon the apex of theconical portion thereof, it is obvious that th'efulminate could becarried by a cap, asis usual, and the said cap placed within the nippleover the conical portion thereof.

ln the modification shown in Fig. 5 the outer end of the nipple is plainand provided with a central opening, leaving an annular flange orshoulder c', adapted to form a seat for a triangular fiat piece e,(shown in dotted lines,) whichforms an anvil for the cap f, (dottedlines.) I therefore contemplate using any of the foregoing primingdevices, but prefer that employing a tablet or wafer of fulminateseatedwithin the nipple against the apex'ofthe conical portionthereof,as-shown 2 indotted lines, Fig. 4, as it will provide ,lessmetal bef tween the fulminate andiiring-pinl- In assembling the partsthe cross-piece is placed within the capbefore the flange is spun ICOthereon, said flange being spun over the end of the cross-piece to holdthe same securely in the cap. The tube is then placed in the cap, afterwhich the Wad, having a central opening for the nipple, is inserted andcompressed tightly, so as to force the end of the tube into theunoccupied portion ot' the [lange of the cap and also frictionallyengage the nipple, which latter projects through the center of the wad.It will be understood, of course, that the primer is inserted in thenipple of the cross-piece before the latter is placed Within the cap.When the parts are assembled, the breech of the cartridge is stronglyand solidly constructed, and the tube is securely connected to the capby the Wad, which latter not only engages the tube frictionally, butalso forces a portion of the same into that part of the flange notoccupied by the cross-piece, the Wad being further held by engagementwith the nipple. The flange being reinforced by the cross-piece and endof the tube will provide the required strength at this point for theoperation of an ejector.

A cartridge constructed as herein shown and described permits the use ofa thin metal cap,which will reduce the cost of the cartridge and providea thin Wall at the point of contactv of the firing-pin. j

Though I have hereinbefore stated that the cross-piece is placed in thecap before the flange is formed on said cap, it is `,apparent that thesaid cross-piece could be inserted after the flange is formed. flhiscould be accomplished by curving the cross-piece longitudinally beforeit is inserted and then flattening it out in the cap, so that the endswill project into the flange. It will also be understood that thecross-piece and nipple could be applied to a metallic rifle-cartridge.

The particular form of the nipple on the cross-piece or breech-pieceprovides a cavity at the outer end thereof, and I purpose to fill thiscavity with a quick powder held by a suitable carrier, such as shellacor collodion. This priming material (designated by the letter r,Fig. 4)Willignite quicklyand will serve to ignite nitropowder orsioWly-igniting charges. The material is put in the cavity in the formof paste and when it hardens will be firmly held.

My improved construction provides a thoroughly gas-tight cartridge thatcan be manufactured very cheaply, as the cap, made of brass, as isusual, may be comparatively thin and strongly reinforced by thecross-pieceof steel or other cheaper metal possessing the requiredstrength, and as the said cross-piece extends the full width of the headof the cartridge the proper ejectment of the cartridge in use will beassured. Aside from the cheapness in construction a very strong anddurable gas-tight cartridge is provided, and by the addition of' thequick powder in the cavity at the end of the nipple provision is madefor priming a cartridge to be used in connection with nitropowders orother slowly-igniting powders.

I-Iaving thus described my invention, I claim- I. In a cartridge, thecombination, of a metal cap provided with the usual flange, across-piece having its ends projecting into the flange and providedcentrally with a nipple having a hole at its outer end, a tube formingthe body of the cartridge, and a Wad having an opening through Which thenipple projects,ithe said Wad being 'compressed around the nipple andagainst the tube to force the innercnd of the latter into that portionof the flange unoccupied by the ends of the cross-piece.

2. In a cartridge, the combination, of a metal cap having a solid endWall and peripheral flange, a cross-piece located in the cap with itsends projecting into the flange thereof, and a nipple formed on thecentral portion of the cross-piece and provided at its outer end with aninwardly-projecting conical portion and flash-holes.

3. In a cartridge, the combination, of the metal cap having a solid endWall and peripheral flange, a cross-piece located in the cap With itsends projecting into the ange thereof, a nipple formed on the centralportion of lthe cross-piece and provided at its outer end with aninwardly-projecting conical portion and flash-holes, and a Wad having anopening through which the nipple projects, the said Wad being compressedaround the nipple and into the flange, substantially as shown anddescribed.

4. In a cartridge, the combination, of a cap having a peripheral flange,a cross-piece located within the cap with its ends projecting into theange thereof, a nipple formed on the central portion of the cross-pieceand flared at its outer end, and a Wad having a central opening throughwhich the nipple projects, .said wad being compressed, substantially asshown and described.

5. In a cartridge, the combination, of a cap having a peripheral flange,a cross-piece located Within the cap with its ends projecting into theflange thereof, a nipple formed on the central portion of thecross-piece flared at its outer end and provided with aninwardly-projecting'conical portion forming a seat for the primer, atube forming the body of the cartridge, and a Wad having a centralopening through which the nipple projects, said Wad being compressed inthe cartridge, substantially as shown and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of twoWitnesses.

CHAS. A. BAILEY.

Vitnesses:

EDWARD II. HUNT, ARTHUR BOARDMAN.

IIO

